Specifications
of some common PIC's
| Device |
Pins |
I/O |
ROM |
RAM |
Max. Freq. |
Voltage
range |
Features |
| P12C508 |
8 |
6 max. |
512 bytes |
25 |
20 |
2.5-6.25 |
TMR0,WDT,
SLEEP, Code protection, POR, 2 Level Stack, interrupts, internal oscillator. |
| P12C509 |
8 |
6 max. |
512 bytes |
25 |
20 |
2.5-6.25 |
As P12C508 |
| P16C54 |
18 |
12 |
512 bytes |
25 |
20 |
2.5-6.25 |
TMR0, WDT,
SLEEP Code protection, POR,2 Level Stack. |
| P16C55 |
28 |
20 |
512 bytes |
24 |
20 |
2.5-6.25 |
As P16C54 |
| P16C56 |
18 |
12 |
1kbyte |
25 |
20 |
2.5-6.25 |
As P16C54 |
| P16C57 |
28 |
20 |
2kbytes |
72 |
20 |
2.5-6.25 |
As P16C54 |
| P16C71 |
18 |
13 |
1kbyte |
36 |
20 |
3-6 |
4 A/D channels,
8 Level Stack, Interrupts, +those of P16C54. |
| P16C73 |
28 |
22 |
4kbytes |
192 |
20 |
3-6 |
5 A/D channels,TMR1,
TMR2, Serial Interface + those of P16C71. |
| P16C84 |
18 |
13 |
1kbyte |
36 |
10 |
2-6 |
1K EEPROM,
8 Level Stack, Interrupts, + those of P16C54. |
Instruction
Set for most PIC's (TASM programming language)
addlw
number
- (NOT
FOR PIC16C5X SERIES) - adds a number with the number in the working register.
addwf
FileReg, f
- adds
the number in the working register to the number in a file register (FileReg)
and puts the result in the file register.
addwf
FileReg, w
- adds
the number in the working register to the number in a file register (FileReg)
and puts the result back into the working register, leaving the file register
unchanged.
andlw
number
- ANDs
a number with the number in the working register, leaving the result in
the working reg.
andwf
FileReg, f
- ANDs
the number in the working register with the number in a file register (FileReg)
and puts the result in the file register
bcf
FileReg, bit
- clears
a bit in a file register (FileReg), i.e. makes the bit 0
bsf
FileReg, bit
- sets
a bit in a file register (FileReg), i.e. makes the bit 1
btfsc
FileReg, bit
- tests
a bit in a file register (FileReg) and skips the next instruction if the
result is clear (i.e. if that bit is 0).
btfss
FileReg, bit
- tests
a bit in a file register (FileReg) and skips the next instruction if the
result is set (i.e. if that bit is 1).
call
AnySub
- makes
the chip call a subroutine(AnySub), after which it will return to where
it left off.
clrf
FileReg
- clears
(makes 0) the number in a file register (FileReg).
clrw
- clears
the working register.
clrwdt
- clears
the watchdog timer.
comf
FileReg, f
- complements
(inverts - ones become zeroes, zeroes become ones) the number in a file
register (FileReg), leaving the result in the file register.
decf
FileReg, f
- decrements
(subtracts one from) a file register (FileReg) and puts the result in the
file register.
decfsz
FileReg, f
- decrements
a file register (FileReg) and if the result is zero it skips the next instruction.
The result is put in the file register.
goto
Anywhere
- makes
the chip go to somewhere in the program which YOU have labelled 'Anywhere'.
incf
FileReg, f
- increments
(adds one to) a file register (FileReg) and puts the result in the file
register.
incfsz
FileReg, f
- increments
a file register (FileReg) and if the result is zero it skips the next instruction.
The result is put in the file register.
iorlw
number
- inclusive
ORs a number with the number in the working register.
iorwf
FileReg, f
- inclusive
ORs the number in the working register with the number in a file register
(FileReg) and puts the result in the file register.
movfw
FileReg or movf FileReg, w
- moves
(copies) the number in a file register (FileReg) in the working register
movlw
number
- moves
(copies) a number into the working register.
movwf
FileReg
- moves
(copies) the number in the working register into a file register (FileReg).
nop
- this
stands for : no operation, in other words - do nothing, (it seems useless,
but it's actually quite useful!)
option
- (NOT
TO BE USED EXCEPT IN PIC16C5X SERIES) - takes the number in the working
register and moves it into the option register.
retfie
- (NOT
FOR PIC16C5X SERIES) - returns from a subroutine and enables the Global
Interrupt Enable bit.
retlw
number
- returns
from a subroutine with a particular number (literal) in the working register.
return
- (NOT
FOR PIC16C5X SERIES) - returns from a subroutine.
rlf
FileReg, f
- rotates
the bits in a file register (FileReg) to the left, putting the result in
the file register.
rrf
FileReg, f
- rotates
the bits in a file register (FileReg) to the right, putting the result
in the file register.
sleep
- sends
the PIC to sleep, a lower power consumption mode.
sublw
number
- (NOT
FOR PIC16C5X SERIES) - subtracts the number in the working register from
a number.
subwf
FileReg, f
- subtracts
the number in the working register from the number in a file register (FileReg)
and puts the result in the file register.
swapf
FileReg, f
- swaps
the two halves of the 8 bit binary number in a file register (FileReg),
leaving the result in the file register.
tris
PORTX
- (NOT
TO BE USED EXCEPT IN PIC16C5X SERIES) - uses the number in the working
register to specify which bits of a port are inputs (correspond to a binary
1) and which are outputs (correspond to 0).
xorlw
number
- exclusive
ORs a number with the number in the working register.
xorwf
FileReg, f
- exclusive
ORs the number in the working register with the number in a file register
(FileReg) and puts the result in the file register.
Assignments
of two of the File Registers (option and status)
|
Option register
bit assignments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| bit no |
8 |
7 |
6 |
5 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
|
| |
- |
- |
RTS |
RTE |
PSA |
PS2 |
PS1 |
PS0 |
prescaler
rates |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
0 |
0 |
1:2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
0 |
1 |
1:4 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
1 |
0 |
1:8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0 |
1 |
1 |
1:16 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
0 |
0 |
1:32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
0 |
1 |
1:64 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
1 |
0 |
1:128 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
1 |
1 |
1:256 |
|
(P16C5x) Unassigned
(P16C71) Port
B pull-up Enable
0 - Disabled
1 - Enabled
(P12C50x) Enable
Wake-up on Pin Change
0 - Enabled
: (A change in GP0, 1, or 3 wakes the PIC up from sleep)
1 - Disabled |
(P16C5x) Unassigned
(P16C71) Interrupt
Edge Select
0 - External
interrupt occurs on positive going edge of signal
1 - External
interrupt occurs on negative going edge of signal
(P12C50x) Enable
Weak Pull-ups
0 - Enabled
: (GP0, 1, and 3 float high)
1 - Disabled |
Timer (TMR0)
signal source
0 - if you
want to count an internal signal
1 - if you
want to count an external signal |
Timer (TMR0)
increment mode
0 - if you
want to count up on a negative going edge
1 - if you
want to count up on a positive going edge |
prescaler assignment:
0 - if you
want the prescaler to be used by the timer (TMR0)
1 - if you
want the prescaler to be used by the watchdog time (WDT) |
|
|
|
|
|
Status register
bit assignments |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| bit no |
8 |
7 |
6 |
5 |
4 |
3 |
2 |
1 |
| bit label |
PA2 |
PA1 |
PA0 |
TO |
PD |
Z |
DC |
C |
|
Do not use
this bit for anything,
in order to
maintain upward compatibility. |
see PA0 (adjacent) |
(P16C54 and
55)
Do not use
these bits for anything,
in order to
maintain upward compatibility.
(P16C56 and
57)
00 - Page 0
(000 - 1FF)
01 - Page 0
(200 - 3FF)
10 - Page 0
(400 - 5FF)
11 - Page 0
(600 - 7FF)
(P12C7x)
00 - Bank 0
01 - Bank 1 |
Timeout bit.
See table. |
Power down
bit. See table. |
Zero Flag :
1 : The result
was 0
0 : The result
wasn't 0 |
Digit Carry/Borrow
Flag:
As Carry Flag
except
concerning
the lower nibbles
of numbers
in question. |
Carry/Borrow
Flag:
Reacts to carrying
or borrowing
with arithmetic
operations, and to
the rrf and
rlf instructions. |
| Timeout
and power down registers |
|
|
|
| bit no. |
5 |
4 |
|
| bit label |
TO |
PD |
Reset caused
by... |
|
0 |
0 |
WDT wakeup
from sleep |
|
0 |
1 |
WDT timeout
(not during sleep) |
|
1 |
0 |
MCLR wakeup
from sleep |
|
1 |
1 |
Power - up |
|
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